Our comprehensive guide to plastering materials is a fundamental resource for any plasterer, whether seasoned professional or budding enthusiast.
We will start with an in-depth look at the core materials, shedding light on their unique properties and the roles they play in the plastering process. From there, we’ll guide you through the essential steps of preparing these materials, followed by practical advice on how to put them to good use.
Our exploration will cover sustainable plastering materials, considering how we can make eco-friendlier choices without compromising quality. Finally, we’ll examine current industry trends, keeping you at the forefront of plastering innovation.
Contents
Preparing Plastering Materials
Sustainable Plastering Materials
Core Plastering Materials
In any plastering job, the materials you choose are paramount to achieving a high-quality finish. They form the base of your project and can greatly affect durability, appearance, and even the health of your indoor environment.
Plaster
- Gypsum Plaster: Also known as plaster of Paris, it’s created by heating gypsum to about 150 °C. Best suited for interior work as it sets quickly, within 30-50 minutes.
- Lime Plaster: A blend of calcium hydroxide and sand. It is flexible, breathable, and suitable for both interior and exterior applications.
- Cement Plaster: Composed of plaster sand, Portland cement, and water, it is durable and water-resistant, making it ideal for exterior surfaces.
Plasterboard
Plasterboard, also known as drywall, is made by compressing an inner layer of gypsum between two outer layers of heavy paper or fibreglass mat. It’s lightweight, easy to install, fire-resistant, and provides good sound insulation.
Jointing Tape
Used to bridge the joints between sheets of plasterboard, jointing tape ensures a smooth, continuous surface for plastering.
- Paper Tape: Made from strong, flexible paper material, embedded in joint compound.
- Fibreglass Mesh Tape: Self-adhesive and quick to apply, but requires careful plastering to avoid bubbles or blisters.
Plastering Beads
Thin strips of metal or plastic embedded in the plaster to create clean, sharp edges and corners.
- Angle Beads: Used for sharp corners.
- Stop Beads: Create neat edges.
- Bell Beads: Used for forming curves and arches.
Preparing Plastering Materials
Success in plastering begins with thorough and careful preparation of materials.
Preparing Plaster
- Selecting the Right Plaster: Choose based on the nature of the project (e.g., gypsum plaster for indoor finishes, cement plaster for damp environments).
- Mixing: Gradually add plaster powder to clean, cold water and mix to a smooth consistency using a mechanical plaster mixer.
- Checking Consistency: Aim for a smooth, creamy texture – thick enough to spread, but thin enough to work comfortably.
Preparing Plasterboard
- Measuring and Cutting: Measure the area and cut the plasterboard using a utility knife or drywall saw.
- Installation: Secure the plasterboard with screws, ensuring it is level.
- Applying Jointing Tape: Cover seams with jointing tape to prevent cracking.
Preparing Plastering Beads
- Measuring and Cutting: Cut plastering beads to the required lengths.
- Placement and Fixing: Fix beads to edges and corners using plaster or drywall screws.
Preparing PVA
- Diluting: Dilute PVA with water as per manufacturer’s instructions (typically 1 part PVA to 5 parts water).
- Application: Apply PVA solution to the surface and allow it to become tacky before plastering.
Using Plastering Materials
With your materials prepared, it’s time to gather your plastering tools to start applying and finishing your plaster.
Applying Plaster
- Load Your Hawk: Scoop plaster onto a hawk.
- Apply the Plaster: Use a trowel to apply plaster to the wall or ceiling.
- Smooth the Plaster: Smooth out inconsistencies with a trowel.
- Wait and Polish: Allow plaster to set partially, then polish with a clean, wet trowel.
Finishing Plasterboard
- Apply Jointing Compound: Over tape and screws using a taping knife.
- Sanding: Sand smooth with fine-grit sandpaper.
Using Plastering Beads
- Apply Plaster: Up to the edge of the bead.
- Smooth and Shape: Smooth the plaster to the edge of the bead.
Working with PVA
- Apply PVA: When tacky, apply plaster.
- Finishing Touches: Sand surface smooth after plaster sets.
Sustainable Plastering Materials
Increasing environmental concerns drive the move towards more eco-friendly plastering materials.
Green Plastering Materials
- Lime Plaster: Less carbon dioxide emission during production, breathable, and reabsorbs CO2 as it cures.
- Clay Plaster: Made from clay, sand, and fibres; it’s recyclable, compostable, and energy-efficient.
- Recycled Plasterboard: Made from waste materials, reducing environmental impact and energy consumption.
Plastering Industry Trends
The plastering industry is evolving with new technologies, societal changes, and environmental concerns.
Technological Innovations
- Advanced Plastering Machines: Efficient mixing and application of plaster through automatic tools, such as the Level 5 MiniShot.
- Digital Measurement Tools: Precise measurements and cuts.
3D Printed Plaster
Allows intricate, customised designs to be printed in plaster.
Smart Plaster
Materials that regulate humidity, absorb toxins, or change colour based on conditions.
Sustainability in Plastering
Adopting eco-friendly materials and waste management practices.
Plastering Materials FAQs
What is the best type of plaster for interior walls?
Gypsum plaster, also known as plaster of Paris, is commonly used for interior walls due to its fine texture and easy workability.
How do I choose between lime and cement plaster?
Lime plaster is flexible and breathable, suitable for both interior and exterior use, while cement plaster is durable and water-resistant, ideal for exterior surfaces.
What is the purpose of PVA in plastering?
PVA acts as a sealer, helping plaster adhere better to surfaces and providing a smoother finish.
How can I make my plastering project more sustainable?
Use eco-friendly materials such as lime or clay plaster, and consider recycled plasterboard to reduce environmental impact.
What are the benefits of using advanced plastering equipment?
Advanced plastering equipment offers efficient mixing and quicker application, saving time and effort in plastering projects.
Conclusion
This guide provides a comprehensive overview of plastering materials and processes, from selection and preparation to application and finishing. It highlights the importance of sustainability and the impact of technological advancements in the plastering industry.
By understanding these elements, you can enhance your plastering work, improve its quality, and contribute to a more sustainable construction environment.